Pulmonary tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Active Ingredient: Pretomanid

Indication for Pretomanid

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)
Therapeutic intent: Adjunct intent

Pretomanid is indicated in combination with bedaquiline and linezolid for the treatment of

  • adults with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to all of isoniazid, rifampicin, a fluoroquinolone and a second line injectable antibacterial drug and
  • adults with pulmonary TB due to M. tuberculosis resistant to both isoniazid and rifampicin, who are treatment-intolerant or nonresponsive to standard therapy.

Consideration should be given to official guidance on the appropriate use of antibacterial agents.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments:

200 mg once daily for 26 weeks

For:

Dosage regimens

Oral, 200 milligrams pretomanid, once daily, over the duration of 26 weeks.

Detailed description

Treatment with pretomanid should be initiated and monitored by a physician experienced in the management of TB due to drug-resistant M. tuberculosis.

Pretomanid should be administered by directly observed therapy (DOT) or in accordance with local practice.

Posology

The recommended dosage is 200 mg pretomanid once daily, for 26 weeks.

A longer duration of therapy may be considered in patients who have not responded adequately to treatment at 26 weeks on a case by case basis.

Pretomanid should be administered only in combination with bedaquiline (400 mg once daily for 2 weeks followed by 200 mg 3 times per week [with at least 48 hours between doses] orally for a total of 26 weeks) and linezolid (600 mg daily orally for up to 26 weeks).

The product information for bedaquiline and linezolid should be consulted for additional information on the use of these medicinal products.

Discontinuation of the pretomanid-bedaquiline-linezolid treatment regimen

  • If either bedaquiline or pretomanid is discontinued for any reason, the entire combination regimen should be discontinued.
  • If linezolid is permanently discontinued during the initial four consecutive weeks of treatment, the entire combination regimen should be discontinued.
  • If linezolid is discontinued after the initial four weeks of consecutive treatment, the regimen may be continued with only bedaquiline and pretomanid.

Missed doses

Any missed doses of pretomanid and bedaquiline should be made up at the end of treatment. Doses of linezolid that are missed due to linezolid adverse reactions should not be made up at the end of treatment.

Refer to the product information of bedaquiline and linezolid for additional information on these medicinal products.

Treatment duration

The total duration of treatment with pretomanid in combination with bedaquiline and linezolid is 26 weeks. Data on longer treatment duration is limited. A longer duration of therapy may be considered in patients who have not responded adequately to treatment at 26 weeks on a case by case basis.

Elderly population (≥65 years of age)

There is limited clinical data on the use of pretomanid in elderly patients. Hence, the safety and efficacy of pretomanid in elderly patients have not been established.

Dosage considerations

Pretomanid should be taken with food.

Active ingredient

Pretomanid

The mechanism of action of pretomanid is thought to involve inhibition of the synthesis of cell wall lipids under aerobic conditions and generation of reactive nitrogen species under anaerobic conditions. Reductive activation of pretomanid by a mycobacterial deazaflavin (F420)-dependent nitro-reductase is required for activity under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

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