Active Ingredient: Sevoflurane
Sevoflurane is indicated for induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia in adult and paediatric patients for inpatient and outpatient surgery.
For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments:
Respiratory (Inhalation)
0.5 - 3 %
From 0.5 To 3 % once every day
Premedication should be selected according to the need of the individual patient, and at the discretion of the anaesthetist.
Sevoflurane should be delivered via a vaporiser specifically calibrated for use with sevoflurane so that the concentration delivered can be accurately controlled. MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) values for sevoflurane decrease with age and with the addition of nitrous oxide. The table below indicates average MAC values for different age groups.
MAC values for Adults and Paediatric patients according to age:
| Age of Patient (years) | Sevoflurane in Oxygen | Sevoflurane in 65% N2O/35% O2 |
|---|---|---|
| 0–1 months* | 3.3% | 2.0%** |
| 1 - <6 months | 3.0% | |
| 6 months - <3 years | 2.8% | |
| 3-12 | 2.5% | |
| 25 | 2.6% | 1.4% |
| 40 | 2.1% | 1.1% |
| 60 | 1.7% | 0.9% |
| 80 | 1.4% | 0.7% |
* Neonates are full term gestational age. MAC in premature infants has not been determined.
** In 1 – <3 year old paediatric patients, 60% N2O/40% O2 was used.
Dosage should be individualised and titrated to the desired effect according to the patient’s age and clinical status. A short acting barbiturate or other intravenous induction agent may be administered followed by inhalation of sevoflurane. Induction with sevoflurane may be achieved in oxygen or in combination with oxygen-nitrous oxide mixtures. In adults inspired concentrations of up to 5% sevoflurane usually produce surgical anaesthesia in less than 2 minutes. In children, inspired concentrations of up to 7% sevoflurane usually produce surgical anaesthesia in less than 2 minutes. Alternatively, for induction of anaesthesia in unpremedicated patients, inspired concentrations of up to 8% sevoflurane may be used.
Surgical levels of anaesthesia may be sustained with concentrations of 0.5-3% sevoflurane with or without the concomitant use of nitrous oxide.
Emergence times are generally short following sevoflurane anaesthesia. Therefore, patients may require early post-operative pain relief.
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