ATC Group: B01AX Other antithrombotic agents

Caplacizumab is a humanised bivalent Nanobody that consists of two identical humanised building blocks (PMP12A2hum1), genetically linked by a three-alanine linker, targeting the A1-domain of von Willebrand factor and inhibiting the interaction between von Willebrand factor and platelets. As such, caplacizumab prevents the ultralarge von Willebrand factor-mediated platelet adhesion, which is characteristic of aTTP. It also affects the disposition of von Willebrand factor, leading to transient reductions of total von Willebrand factor antigen levels and to concomitant reduction of factor VIII:C levels during treatment.

Defibrotide is an oligonucleotide mixture with demonstrated antithrombotic, fibrinolytic, anti-adhesive and anti-inflammatory actions. The mechanism of action is multifactorial. It primarily acts through reducing excessive endothelial cell (EC) activation (endothelial dysfunction), modulating endothelial homeostasis as well as restoring thrombo-fibrinolytic balance. However, the exact mechanism of action of defibrotide is not fully elucidated.

Fondaparinux is a synthetic and selective inhibitor of activated Factor X (Xa). The antithrombotic activity of fondaparinux is the result of antithrombin III (ATIII) mediated selective inhibition of Factor Xa.