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Paracetamol is a medication used to treat pain and fever. It does appear to selectively inhibit COX activities in the brain, which may contribute to its ability to treat fever and pain.

Promethazine is a potent, long acting, antihistamine with additional anti-emetic central sedative and anti-cholinergic properties.

Dextromethorphan is a non-opioid antitussive drug. The major metabolite of dextromethorphan, dextrorphan, binds with high affinity to σ-receptors to produce its antitussive activity without exhibiting the classic opiate effects that occur from binding into μ- and δ-receptors. In larger than therapeutic doses, dextrorphan is also an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors.