Source: Υπουργείο Υγείας (CY) Revision Year: 2019 Publisher: Codal Synto Ltd, P.O., 33 Theklas Lysioti Street, 3030 Limassol, Cyprus
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Anilides, Other Analgesics and Antipyretics
ATC code: N02BE01
Paracetamol is an aniline derivative with analgesic and antipyretic actions. Paracetamol has similar action with aspirin but it is less irritant to the stomach and it does not affect thrombocyte aggregations or bleeding time. Paracetamol is generally well tolerated by patients hypersensitive to acetylsalicylic acid. Paracetamol appears to inhibit the prostaglandin synthetase (specifically the cyclo-oxygenase) in the central nervous system.
Paracetamol is well absorbed after oral administration. The onset of therapeutic effect of oral paracetamol is 0.5 hours and lasts 4 hours. The peak serum concentrations occur within 40 to 60 min. Oral bioavailability is 65%. The volume of distribution is 0.8-1.36 l/kg. The protein binding is 25 to 50%. The elimination half-life is 2-4 hours. It undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism and 1-4% is excreted unchanged in the urine and 2.6% in the bile. Mainly is excreted as glutathione conjugates. Plasma protein binding is negligible at usual therapeutic concentrations, although this is dose-dependent.
Conventional studies using the currently accepted standards for the evaluation of toxicity to reproduction and development are not available.
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