ARESTIN Powder for solution for injection Ref.[10750] Active ingredients: Minocycline

Dietary administration of minocycline in long-term tumorigenicity studies in rats resulted in evidence of thyroid tumor production. Minocycline has also been found to produce thyroid hyperplasia in rats and dogs. In addition, there has been evidence of oncogenic activity in rats in studies with a related antibiotic, oxytetracycline (i.e., adrenal and pituitary tumors). Minocycline demonstrated no potential to cause genetic toxicity in a battery of assays which included a bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test), an in vitro mammalian cell gene mutation test (L5178Y/TK ^+/- mouse lymphoma assay), an in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test, and an in vivo micronucleus assay conducted in ICR mice.

Fertility and general reproduction studies have provided evidence that minocycline impairs fertility in male rats.

In 2 well-controlled, multicenter, investigator-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel-design studies (3 arms), 748 subjects (study OPI-103A=368, study OPI-103B=380) with generalized moderate to advanced adult periodontitis characterized by a mean probing depth of 5.90 and 5.81 mm, respectively, were enrolled. Subjects received 1 of 3 treatments: (1) scaling and root planing (SRP), (2) SRP + vehicle (bioresorbable polymer, PGLA), and (3) SRP + ARESTIN. To qualify for the study, subjects were required to have 4 teeth with periodontal pockets of 6 to 9 mm that bled on probing. However, treatment was administered to all sites with mean probing depths of 5 mm or greater. Subjects studied were in good general health. Subjects with poor glycemic control or active infectious diseases were excluded from the studies. Retreatment occurred at 3 and 6 months after initial treatment, and any new site with pocket depth ≥5 mm also received treatment. Subjects treated with ARESTIN were found to have statistically significantly reduced probing pocket depth compared with those treated with SRP alone or SRP + vehicle at 9 months after initial treatment, as shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Probing Pocket Depth at Baseline and Change in Pocket Depth at 9 Months from 2 Multicenter US Clinical Trials:

SE = standard error; SRP = scaling and root planing; PD = pocket depth
Significantly different from SRP: *(P ≤0.05); **(P ≤0.001)
Significantly different from SRP + vehicle: ^††(P ≤0.001)

In these 2 studies, an average of 29.5 (5-114), 31.7 (4-137), and 31 (5-108) sites were treated at baseline in the SRP alone, SRP + vehicle, and SRP + ARESTIN groups, respectively. When these studies are combined, the mean pocket depth change at 9 months was -1.18 mm, -1.10 mm, and -1.42 mm for SRP alone, SRP + vehicle, and SRP + ARESTIN, respectively.

Table 2. Numbers (Percentage) of Pockets Showing a Change of Pocket Depth ≥2 mm at 9 Months from 2 Multicenter US Clinical Trials:

SRP + ARESTIN resulted in a greater percentage of pockets showing a change of PD ≥2 mm and ≥3 mm compared to SRP alone at 9 months, as shown in Table 2.

Table 3. Mean Pocket Depth Changes (SE) in Subpopulations, Studies 103A and 103B Combined:

SRP = scaling and root planing; YOA = years of age; CV = cardiovascular
^* SRP vs SRP + ARESTIN P ≤0.05; **SRP vs SRP + ARESTIN P ≤0.001

In both studies, the following patient subgroups were prospectively analyzed: smokers, subjects over and under 50 years of age, and subjects with a previous history of cardiovascular disease. The results of the combined studies are presented in Table 3.

In smokers, the mean reduction in pocket depth at 9 months was less in all treatment groups than in nonsmokers, but the reduction in mean pocket depth at 9 months with SRP + ARESTIN was significantly greater than with SRP + vehicle or SRP alone.

Table 4. Mean Pocket Depth Change in Subjects with Mean Baseline PD ≥5 mm, ≥6 mm, and ≥7 mm at 9 Months from 2 Multicenter US Clinical Trials:

^* Statistically significant comparison between SRP + ARESTIN and SRP alone

The combined data from these 2 studies also show that for pockets 5 mm to 7 mm at baseline, greater reductions in pocket depth occurred in pockets that were deeper at baseline.