Source: Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (GB) Revision Year: 2019 Publisher: RENASCIENCE PHARMA LIMITED, 11 George Street West, Luton, LU1 2BJ, United Kingdom
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Antiinfectives for systemic use. Antibacterials for systemic use. Second-generation cephalosporins
ATC code: J01DC01
Cefoxitin is a beta-lactam antibiotic of the group of the second-generation cephalosporins.
No European breakpoints for cefoxitin are recommended by EUCAST.
Acquired resistance prevalence may vary geographically and with time for some species. Therefore, information on the prevalence of local resistance is desirable, particularly for the treatment of severe infections. Data can give orientation on the susceptibility probabilities of a bacterial strain to this antibiotic.
Cefoxitin is active (in vitro) against the following microorganisms:
Gram-positive aerobes:
Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus
Streptococcus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Gram-negative aerobes:
Moraxella catarrhalis
Citrobacter koseri
Escherichia coli
Haemophilus influenzae
Klebsiella oxytoca
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Proteus mirabilis
Proteus vulgaris
Providencia rettgeri
Providencia stuartii
Salmonella spp.
Shigella spp.
Anaerobes:
Bacteroides fragilis
Clostridium perfringens
Fusobacterium spp.
Peptostreptococcus spp.
Prevotella
Propionibacterium acnes
Veillonella spp.
Others:
Actinomyces
(moderate in-vitro susceptibility)
Gram-negative aerobes:
Morganella morganii
Anaerobes:
Eubacterium
Gram-positive aerobes:
Enterococcus
Listeria monocytogenes
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus*
Gram-negative aerobes:
Acinetobacter
Campylobacter
Citrobacter freundii
Enterobacter aerogenes
Enterobacter cloacae
Legionella
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Serratia marcescens
Vibrio
Yersinia enterocolitica
Anaerobes:
Clostridium difficile
Others:
Chlamydia
Mycobacteria
Mycoplasma
In adults:
In patients with renal impairment whose creatinine clearance is between 10 and 30 mL/min, half-life exceeds 6 hours.
In patients with renal impairment whose creatinine clearance is <10 mL/min, half-life exceeds 13 hours.
Diffusion:
Plasma protein binding: 65-80%.
Cefoxitin does not undergo significant biotransformation.
Cefoxitin is eliminated unchanged by the kidney.
In a number of studies investigating cefoxitin at intravenous doses of 1 g, the average amount of cefoxitin recovered in the urine ranged from 77-99% of the injected cefoxitin dose.
Repeated dose toxicity studies and studies on reproduction and development did not reveal special hazard for humans. No safety pharmacology studies, genotoxicity assays nor carcinogenic study were performed.
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