Chemical formula: C₁₀H₁₅NO Molecular mass: 165.232 g/mol PubChem compound: 9294
Ephedrine interacts in the following cases:
Risk of vasoconstriction and/or episodes of hypertension (administered concomitantly or within the last 2 weeks).
Paroxysmal hypertension with possibility of arrhythmias (inhibition of adrenaline or noradrenaline entry in sympathetic fibres).
An increased risk of arrhythmias may occur if ephedrine is given to patients receiving cardiac glycosides, quinidine.
Substantial increase in blood pressure (hyper reactivity linked to the reduction in sympathetic tone and/or to the inhibition of adrenaline or noradrenaline entry in sympathetic fibres).
If the combination cannot be avoided, use with caution lower doses of sympathomimetic agents.
Risk of vasoconstriction and/or episodes of hypertension.
Risk of perioperative hypertensive crisis and serious ventricular arrhythmias.
Ephedrine should be avoided or used with caution in patients undergoing anaesthesia with cyclopropane, halothane, or other halogenated anaesthetics, as they may induce ventricular fibrillation.
Caffeine may enhance the side effects of ephedrine.
Ephedrine has been shown to increase the clearance of dexamethasone.
Risk of hypertension.
Risk of vasoconstriction and/or episodes of hypertension.
Hypertension with vasoconstrictor sympathomimetics.
Increased plasma concentration of phenytoin and possibly of phenobarbitone and primidone.
Reserpine and methyldopa may reduce the vasopressor action of ephedrine.
Paroxysmal hypertension with possibility of arrhythmia (inhibition of adrenaline or noradrenaline entry in sympathetic fibres).
Concomitant administration of ephedrine and theophylline may result in insomnia, nervousness and gastrointestinal complaints.
Paroxysmal hypertension with possibility of arrhythmias (inhibition of adrenaline or noradrenaline entry in sympathetic fibres).
Ephedrine should be used with caution in patients who may be particularly susceptible to their effects, particularly those with hyperthyroidism.
Great care is also needed in patients with cardiovascular disease such as ischaemic heart disease, arrhythmia or tachycardia, occlusive vascular disorders including arteriosclerosis, hypertension, or aneurysms. Angina pain may be precipitated in patients with angina pectoris.
Care is required when ephedrine is given to patients with diabetes mellitus, closed-angle glaucoma.
Studies in animals have shown a teratogenic effect.
Clinical data from epidemiological studies on a limited number of women appear to indicate no particular effects of ephedrine with respect to malformation.
Isolated cases of maternal hypertension have been described after abuse or prolonged use of vasoconstrictor amines.
Ephedrine crosses the placenta and this has been associated with an increase in fetal heart rate and beat-to-beat variability.
Therefore, ephedrine should be avoided or used with caution, and only if necessary, during pregnancy.
Ephedrine is excreted in breast milk. Irritability and disturbed sleep patterns have been reported in breast-fed infants.
There is evidence that ephedrine is eliminated within 21 to 42 hours after administration, therefore a decision needs to be made on whether to avoid ephedrine therapy or lactation should be suspended for 2 days following its administration taking into account the benefit of breastfeeding for the child and the benefit of therapy for the woman.
No data available.
Not relevant.
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