Source: Health Products Regulatory Authority (ZA) Revision Year: 2021 Publisher: Biotech Laboratories (Pty) Ltd, Ground Floor, Block K West, Central Park, 400 16th Road, Randjespark, Midrand 1685, South Africa
Category and class: A4 Local anaesthetics
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Anaesthetics, local; amides
ATC code: N01BB01
Bupivacaine is an amide-type local anaesthetic agent. Bupivacaine effects local anaesthetic action by preventing the initiation and transmission of neural impulses by stabilising the neuronal membrane.
The onset of action after administration is 10–40 minutes and the effect may last for several hours. Bupivacaine has a tendency to provide more sensory blockage than motor blockade.
Reported serum half-lives are from 1,5 to 5,5 hours in adults. Bupivacaine is about 95% bound to plasma proteins. It is metabolised in the liver and is excreted in the urine mainly as metabolites, with only 5–6% as unchanged bupivacaine.
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