ELTROXIN Tablet Ref.[6942] Active ingredients: Levothyroxine

Posology

In younger patients, and in the absence of heart disease, a serum Levothyroxine (T4) level of 70 to 160 nanomols per litre, or a serum thyrotrophin level of less than 5 milli-units per litre should be targeted. A pre-therapy ECG is valuable because ECG changes due to hypothyroidism may be confused with ECG evidence of cardiac ischaemia. If too rapid an increase in metabolism is produced (causing diarrhoea, nervousness, rapid pulse, insomnia, tremors, and sometimes anginal pain where there is latent cardiac ischaemia,) dosage must be reduced, or withheld, for a day or two, and then re-started at a lower dose level.

Adults

Initially 50 to 100 micrograms daily (2 to 4 tablets daily), preferably taken before breakfast or your first meal of the day. Adjust at three to four week intervals by 50 micrograms until normal metabolism is steadily maintained. The final daily dose may be up to 100 to 200 micrograms.

Elderly

As for patients aged over 50 years.

For patients over 50 years, initially, it is not advisable to exceed 50 micrograms daily. In this condition, the daily dose may be increased by 50 micrograms at intervals of every 3-4 weeks, until stable thyroxine levels are attained. The final daily dose may be up to 50 to 200 micrograms.

Patients over 50 years with cardiac disease

Where there is cardiac disease, 25 micrograms daily or 50 micrograms on alternate days is more suitable. In this condition, the daily dosage may be increased by 25 microgram increments at intervals of every 4 weeks, until stable thyroxine levels are attained. The final daily dose may be up to 50 to 200 micrograms.

For patients aged over 50 years, with or without cardiac disease, clinical response is probably a more acceptable criteria of dosage rather that serum levels.

Paediatric population

The maintenance dose is generally 100 to 150 micrograms per m² body surface area. The dose for children depends on their age, weight and the condition being treated. Regular monitoring using serum TSH levels, as in adults, is required to make sure he/she gets the right dose. Infants should be given the total daily dose at least half an hour before the first meal of the day.

Congenital hypothyroidism in infants

For neonates and infants with congenital hypothyroidism, where rapid replacement is important, the initial recommended dosage is 10 to 15 micrograms per kg BW per day for the first 3 months. Thereafter, the dose should be adjusted individually according to the clinical findings and thyroid hormone and TSH values.

Acquired hypothyroidism in children

For children with acquired hypothyroidism, the initial recommended dosage is 12.5-50 micrograms per day. The dose should be increased gradually every 2 to 4 weeks according to the clinical findings and thyroid hormone and TSH values until the full replacement dose is reached.

Infants should be given the total daily dose at least half an hour before the first meal of the day.

Juvenile myxoedema in children

The initial recommended dosage is 25 micrograms daily. In such conditions, the daily dose may be increased by 25 micrograms at intervals of every 2-4 weeks, until mild symptoms of hyperthyroidism is seen. The dose will then be reduced slightly.

In children under 5 years of age, the administration of whole tablets is not recommended. It is also not recommended that tablets are crushed and dispersed in water or other liquids, owing to limited solubility which could lead to dosing inaccuracy. In this age group it is preferable to administer an approved oral solution of levothyroxine

Method of administration

Oral.

Symptoms

In most cases there will be no features. Signs of an overdose may include: chest pain (angina), tachycardia or arrythmia, muscle cramps, headache, restlessness, flushing, sweating, diarrhoea, tremor, insomnia and hyperpyrexia. These signs can take upto 5 days to appear. Atrial fibrillation may develop. Convulsions occurred in one child. There may be increased toxicity in those with pre-existing heart disease.

Management

Give oral activated charcoal if more than 10mg has been ingested by an adult or more than 5mg by a child, within 1 hour. If more than 10mg has been ingested by an adult or more than 5mg by a child, take blood 6-12 hours after ingestion for measurement of the free thyroxine concentration. The analysis does not need to be done urgently but can wait until the first working day after the incident. Patients with normal free thyroxine concentrations do not require follow up. Those with high concentrations should have outpatient review 3-6 days after ingestion to detect delayed onset hyperthyroidism. Features of clinical hyperthyroidism should be controlled with beta-blockers, e.g. propranolol.

24 months.

Do not store above 25°C.

Store in the original package in order to protect from light and moisture.

Polypropylene container with tamper-evident low density polyethylene lid, containing 28, 56, 100, 112, 500 or 1000 tablets.

Aluminium foil with PVC/PVdC film blisters containing 28, 56 or 112 tablets.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

No special requirements for disposal.

Any unused medicinal product or waste material should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.