Botulinum toxin type A is a protein complex derived from Clostridium botulinum. The protein consists of type A neurotoxin and several other proteins. Under physiological conditions it is presumed that the complex dissociates and releases the pure neurotoxin. Intramuscular injection of the neurotoxin complex blocks cholinergic transport at the neuromuscular junction by preventing the release of acetylcholine. The nerve endings of the neuromuscular junction no longer respond to nerve impulses and secretion of the chemotransmitter is prevented (chemical denervation).
This medicinal substance has been classified in the anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification according to its main therapeutic use as follows:
| ATC code | Group title | Classification |
|---|---|---|
| M03AX01 | Botulinum toxin | M Musculo-skeletal system → M03 Muscle relaxants → M03A Muscle relaxants, peripherally acting agents → M03AX Other muscle relaxants, peripherally acting agents |
Competent medicine agencies globally have authorized commercialization of this active ingredient according to these medication package inserts (MPIs):
| Title | Information Source | Document Type | |
|---|---|---|---|
| XEOMIN Powder for solution for injection | FDA, National Drug Code (US) | MPI, US: SPL/PLR | |
| BOTOX Powder for solution for injection | Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (GB) | MPI, EU: SmPC |
Botulinum toxin type A is an active ingredient of these brands:
United States (US)Austria (AT)Brazil (BR)Canada (CA)Croatia (HR)Ecuador (EC)Estonia (EE)Finland (FI)France (FR)Ireland (IE)Lithuania (LT)Malta (MT)Netherlands (NL)Poland (PL)Romania (RO)Singapore (SG)Spain (ES)United Kingdom (UK)Note the following: The list of brand names is continuously updated, and thus does not include the total of products circulating worldwide. |
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