Ciprofloxacin

Chemical formula: C₁₇H₁₈FN₃O₃  Molecular mass: 331.342 g/mol  PubChem compound: 2764

Therapeutic indications

Ciprofloxacin is indicated for:

Broncho-pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Population group: only children (1 year - 12 years old) , adolescents (12 years - 18 years old)

Clinical trials have included children and adolescents aged 5-17 years. More limited experience is available in treating children between 1 and 5 years of age.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Lower respiratory tract infections

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Lower respiratory tract infections due to Gram-negative bacteria:

  • Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
  • Broncho-pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis or in bronchiectasis.
  • Pneumonia.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Chronic purulent otitis media

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

at least one of
Chronic purulent otitis media and additionally at least one of
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species for which acquired resistance may be a problem

Haemophilus influenzae otitis media

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Acute exacerbation of chronic sinusitis

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Acute exacerbation of chronic sinusitis especially if these are caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Urinary tract infection, pyelonephritis

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Resistance to fluoroquinolones of Escherichia coli – the most common pathogen involved in urinary tract infections – varies across the European Union. Prescribers are advised to take into account the local prevalence of resistance in Escherichia coli to fluoroquinolones.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Malignant otitis externa

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Malignant otitis externa and additionally at least one of
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species for which acquired resistance may be a problem

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Prostatitis

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Prostatitis and additionally at least one of
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species for which acquired resistance may be a problem

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Genital tract infections

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Epididymo-orchitis and pelvic inflammatory diseases may be caused by fluoroquinolone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae. For epididymo-orchitis and pelvic inflammatory diseases, empirical ciprofloxacin should only be considered in combination with another appropriate antibacterial agent (e.g. a cephalosporin) unless ciprofloxacin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae can be excluded. If clinical improvement is not achieved after 3 days of treatment, the therapy should be reconsidered.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Typhoid fever

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Typhoid fever

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Cholera

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Cholera

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Gastrointestinal tract infection or intra-abdominal by Shigella dysenteriae type 1

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

There are limited data on the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of post-surgical intra-abdominal infections.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Traveler's diarrhea

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

The choice of ciprofloxacin should take into account information on resistance to ciprofloxacin in relevant pathogens in the countries visited.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Gastrointestinal tract infection, intra-abdominal infection

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

at least one of
at least one of
Infection of gastrointestinal tract
Infectious disease of abdomen
and additionally at least one of
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species for which acquired resistance may be a problem

Gastrointestinal anthrax
Intestinal infection caused by Aeromonas hydrophila
Pasteurella mesenteric adenitis
Salmonella gastroenteritis
Peritonitis caused by Salmonella typhi
Infection of intestine caused by Vibrio
Gastroenteric plague
Chlamydia trachomatis infection of anus and rectum
Infection of peritoneum caused by Chlamydia trachomatis

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Soft tissue infection

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

at least one of
Soft tissue infection and additionally at least one of
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species for which acquired resistance may be a problem

Cutaneous anthrax
Meningitis caused by Bacillus anthracis
Sepsis caused by Bacillus anthracis
Brucella infection of the central nervous system
Brucellosis of skin
Brucellosis uveitis
Glandular tularemia
Haemophilus influenzae meningitis
Haemophilus influenzae type b invasive infection
Sepsis caused by Haemophilus influenzae
Sinusitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae
Nonpneumonic Legionnaires' disease
Meningococcal disease, invasive
Meningococcal carditis
Meningococcal encephalitis
Meningococcal eye disease
Epidemic meningitis
Meningococcal optic neuritis
Meningococcal pericarditis
Meningococcal rash
Meningococcemia
Pasteurella abscess
Pasteurella septic infection (cat or dog bite)
Septicemic pasteurellosis
Soft tissue pasteurellosis
Endocarditis - typhoid
Invasive non-typhoidal salmonella disease
† Salmonella infection with skin involvement
Salmonella meningitis
Sepsis caused by Salmonella
Ambulatory plague
Bubonic plague
Cellulocutaneous plague
Plague meningitis
Septicemic plague
Cold agglutinin disease due to Mycoplasma pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Bone and joint infections

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Ciprofloxacin should be used in combination with other antimicrobial agents depending on the results of the microbiological documentation.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Inhalation anthrax post-exposure prophylaxis

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Inhalation anthrax post-exposure prophylaxis and curative treatment for persons requiring parenteral treatment. Drug administration should begin as soon as possible after suspected or confirmed exposure.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Urinary tract infection, pyelonephritis

Population group: only children (1 year - 12 years old) , adolescents (12 years - 18 years old)

Ciprofloxacin treatment of urinary tract infections should be considered when other treatments cannot be used, and should be based on the results of the microbiological documentation.

Clinical trials have included children and adolescents aged 1-17 years.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Inhalation anthrax post-exposure prophylaxis

Population group: only children (1 year - 12 years old) , adolescents (12 years - 18 years old)

Inhalation anthrax postexposure curative treatment for persons requiring parenteral treatment. Drug administration should begin as soon as possible after suspected or confirmed exposure.

Use in humans is based on in-vitro susceptibility data and on animal experimental data together with limited human data. Treating physicians should refer to national and/or international consensus documents regarding the treatment of anthrax.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Infective cystitis

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Infective cystitis and additionally at least one of
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species for which acquired resistance may be a problem

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Pyelonephritis

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Pyelonephritis and additionally at least one of
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species for which acquired resistance may be a problem

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Gonococcal urethritis, gonococcal cervicitis

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

at least one of
Gonococcal urethritis
Gonococcal cervicitis

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Prophylaxis of invasive meningococcal disease

Population group: only adults (18 years old or older)

Preventive procedure and additionally Meningococcal disease, invasive

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Bacterial corneal ulcer

Population group: only minors (0 - 18 years old) , adults (18 years old or older)

Ciprofloxacin is indicated for the treatment of corneal ulcers caused by susceptible strains of bacteria.

Consideration should be given to official guidance on the appropriate use of antibacterial agents.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Bacterial conjunctivitis, bacterial keratitis, infective uveitis

Population group: only minors (0 - 18 years old) , adults (18 years old or older)

at least one of
at least one of
Bacterial conjunctivitis
Bacterial keratitis
Infective uveitis
and additionally at least one of
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species
Ciprofloxacin susceptible species for which acquired resistance may be a problem

Chlamydial conjunctivitis
Gonococcal conjunctivitis
Meningococcal conjunctivitis
Oculoglandular tularemia
Gonococcal keratitis
Brucellosis uveitis

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Acute otitis externa

Population group: only children (1 year - 12 years old) , adolescents (12 years - 18 years old) , adults (18 years old or older)

Ciprofloxacin ear drops solution is indicated for the treatment of acute otitis externa in adults and children older than 1 year with an intact tympanic membrane, caused by ciprofloxacin susceptible microorganisms.

Consideration should be given to official guidance on the appropriate use of antibacterial agents.

For this indication, competent medicine agencies globally authorize below treatments (click for details):

Contraindications

Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in the following cases:

Tizanidine

Tizanidine

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Factors such as age, gender, and health history are evaluated to create a personalized medication regimen.

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