Chemical formula: C₁₀H₁₂N₂O₄ Molecular mass: 224.213 g/mol PubChem compound: 18283
Stavudine, a thymidine analogue, is phosphorylated by cellular kinases to stavudine triphosphate which inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by competing with the natural substrate, thymidine triphosphate. It also inhibits viral DNA synthesis by causing DNA chain termination due to a lack of the 3'-hydroxyl group necessary for DNA elongation. Cellular DNA polymerase γ is also sensitive to inhibition by stavudine triphosphate, while cellular polymerases α and β are inhibited at concentrations 4,000-fold and 40-fold higher, respectively, than that needed to inhibit HIV reverse transcriptase.
This medicinal substance has been classified in the anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification according to its main therapeutic use as follows:
| ATC code | Group title | Classification |
|---|---|---|
| J05AF04 | Stavudine | J Antiinfectives for systemic use → J05 Antivirals for systemic use → J05A Direct acting antivirals → J05AF Nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors |
Competent medicine agencies globally have authorized commercialization of this active ingredient according to these medication package inserts (MPIs):
| Title | Information Source | Document Type | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZERIT Powder for oral solution | European Medicines Agency (EU) | MPI, EU: SmPC | |
| ZERIT Hard capsule | European Medicines Agency (EU) | MPI, EU: SmPC |
Stavudine is an active ingredient of these brands:
Brazil (BR)Estonia (EE)Ireland (IE)Lithuania (LT)Netherlands (NL)Poland (PL)Romania (RO)South Africa (ZA)
Note the following: The list of brand names is continuously updated, and thus does not include the total of products circulating worldwide. |
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