ATC Group: J01DI Other cephalosporins

Cefiderocol is a siderophore cephalosporin. In addition to passive diffusion through outer membrane porin channels, cefiderocol is able to bind to extracellular free iron via its siderophore side chain, allowing active transport into the periplasmic space of Gram-negative bacteria through siderophore uptake systems. Cefiderocol subsequently binds to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs), inhibiting bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall synthesis which leads to cell lysis and death.

Ceftaroline is a cephalosporin antibacterial with in vitro activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. The bactericidal action of ceftaroline is mediated through binding to essential penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Biochemical studies have shown that ceftaroline has high affinity for PBP2a of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and PBP2x of penicillin non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSP). As a result, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ceftaroline against a proportion of these organisms tested fall into the susceptible range.

Ceftobiprole exerts bactericidal activity through binding to important penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in susceptible species.

Faropenem is an orally active beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the penem group. Like other beta-lactam antibiotics, faropenem acts by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. It inhibits cross-linkage between the linear peptidoglycan polymer chains that make up a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. It does this by binding to and competitively inhibiting the transpeptidase enzyme used by bacteria to cross-link the peptide (D-alanyl-alanine) used in peptidogylcan synthesis.