ATC Group: J01XX Other antibacterials

Daptomycin is a cyclic lipopeptide natural product that is active against Gram positive bacteria only. The mechanism of action involves binding to bacterial membranes of both growing and stationary phase cells causing depolarisation and leading to a rapid inhibition of protein, DNA, and RNA synthesis.

Fosfomycin exerts a bactericidal effect on proliferating pathogens by preventing the enzymatic synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Fosfomycin inhibits the first stage of intracellular bacterial cell wall synthesis by blocking peptidoglycan synthesis.

Lefamulin is a pleuromutilin antibacterial agent. It inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by interacting with the A- and P- sites of the peptidyl transferase centre (PTC) in the central part of domain V of the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing correct positioning of the tRNA. Lefamulin is indicated for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults.

Linezolid is a synthetic, antibacterial agent that belongs to a new class of antimicrobials, the oxazolidinones. It has in vitro activity against aerobic Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobic micro-organisms. Linezolid selectively inhibits bacterial protein synthesis via a unique mechanism of action.

Methenamine is a urinary antibacterial agent with a wide antibacterial spectrum covering both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Urinary antibacterial activity can be shown within 30 minutes of administration.

Spectinomycin is an inhibitor of protein synthesis in the bacterial cell; the site of action is the 30S ribosomal subunit. Spectinomycin is indicated in the treatment of acute gonorrheal urethritis and proctitis in the male and acute gonorrheal cervicitis and proctitis in the female when due to susceptible strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Tedizolid is an oxazolidinone prodrug. The antibacterial activity of tedizolid is mediated by binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome resulting in inhibition of protein synthesis. Tedizolid is primarily active against Gram-positive bacteria.